Odoo migration means moving your Odoo system from an older version to a newer version. This can include customer data, product data, invoices, sales orders, purchase orders, inventory, employees, accounting data, custom modules, Odoo settings, and third-party integrations.
Odoo migration is different from installing Odoo from scratch. With a new Odoo installation, you start with a new database. With an Odoo migration, you keep your existing business data and move it to the new version. The goal is simple: when your team starts using the new Odoo version, they should still have access to the business data and processes they were using before.
These terms can be confusing. A small update happens within the same Odoo version. For example: Odoo 19.0.1 → Odoo 19.0.2. An Odoo migration is a move from one major version to another. For example: Odoo 18 → Odoo 19 or Odoo 19 → Odoo 20. Major Odoo upgrades can require changes to the database, custom modules, and integrations.
Odoo releases a new major version roughly every year. Each new version can change the database, the way apps work, and the tools used to build custom modules. That is why custom modules and settings from an older version need to be checked and updated for the new version.